Urban Mobility in the Postpandemic Stage: A Comprehensive Investigation of a Variety of Cities in China

The global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected the urban mobility of nations around the world. The pandemic may even have a potentially lasting impact on travel behaviors during the post-pandemic stage. China has basically stopped the spread of COVID-19 and reopened the economy, providing an unprecedented environment for investigating post-pandemic travel behaviors. This study conducts multiple investigations to show the changes in travel behaviors in the post-pandemic stage, on the basis of empirical travel data in a variety of cities in China. Specifically, this study demonstrates the changes in road network travel speed in 57 case cities and the changes in subway ridership in 26 case cities. Comprehensive comparisons can indicate the potential modal share in the post-pandemic stage. Further, this study conducts a case analysis of Beijing, where the city has experienced two waves of COVID-19. The variations in travel speed in the road network of Beijing at different stages of the pandemic help reveal the public's responses towards the varying severity of the pandemic. Finally, a case study of the Yuhang district in Hangzhou is conducted to demonstrate the changes in traffic volume and vehicle travel distance amid the post-pandemic stage based on license plate recognition data. Results indicate a decline in subway trips in the post-pandemic stage among case cities. The vehicular traffic in cities with subways has recovered in peak hours on weekdays and has been even more congested than the pre-pandemic levels;whereas the vehicular traffic in cities without subways has not rebounded to pre-pandemic levels. This situation implies a potential modal shift from public transportation to private vehicular travel modes. Results also indicate that commuting traffic is sensitive to the severity of the pandemic. This may be because countermeasures, e.g., work-from-home and suspension of non-essential businesses, will be implemented if the pandemic restarts. The travel speed in non-peak hours and on non-workdays is higher than pre-pandemic levels, indicating that non-essential travel demand may be reduced and the public's vigilance towards the pandemic may continue to the post-pandemic stage. These findings can help improve policymaking strategies in the post-pandemic new normal. © 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.

Application of ultrasound-guided peripheral arterial puncture in severe patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 under three-level protection

Objective To explore the application of ultrasound-guided arterial line placement in severe patients with COVID-19. Methods From February to April 2020, we retrospectively collected and analyzed the clinical data of critical patients with COVID-19 with an indwelling peripheral arterial catheter treated by the medical team of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Patients with ultrasound-guided peripheral arterial catheterization were taken as the study group, while patients whose arterial catheter was placed by traditional palpation were taken as the control group. The puncture condition and complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 60 severe patients with COVID-19 who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. There were 30 cases in the study group and 30 cases in the control group. In the study group, the success rate of the first catheterization of the peripheral artery (63.3% vs. 26.7%) and the total puncture success rate [(79.43+/- 25.79)% vs. (53.07+/-30.21)%] were higher than those in the control group (all P < 0.05), the puncture times(1.43+/-0.56 vs. 2.50+/-1.28) were less than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The rates of 24-hour disuse (6.7% vs. 30.0%), local hematoma (10.0% vs. 36.7%), occlusion, and tortuous (3.3% vs. 40.0%) in the study group were lower than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Under the three-level protection, ultrasound-guided arterial catheter placement for severe patients with COVID-19 can improve the success rate of catheter placement, reduce puncture times, and reduce the incidence of complications.Copyright © 2021, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All rights reserved.

Investigation on the relationship between the number of coronavirus disease 2019 cases at the beginning of the epidemic and the decrease of PM2.5 in Hubei, China: The role of temperature changes

In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, the Chinese government implemented blockade measures in Hubei, which largely affected the emission of pollutants. This work is aimed to explore the effects of epidemics on pollutants at different temperatures in Hubei, China. We applied for a panel nonlinear model with autonomous search thresholds to explore this, using daily average temperature as a threshold variable, and PM2.5 set as the explained variable, and the cumulative number of confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 cases set as the explanatory variable. An empirical analysis was conducted by running the proposed model and using nine cities in China most impacted by the pandemic. The results show that there was a non-linear negative relationship between the cumulative number of confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 cases and PM2.5. A more detailed non-linear relationship between the two was uncovered by the proposed panel threshold regression model. When the temperature crosses the threshold value (12.5 degrees C and 20.5 degrees C) in sequence, the estimated value was -0.0688, -0.0934, and -0.1520 in that order. This means that this negative non-linear relationship increased with increasing temperature. This work helps to explore the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 on pollutions at different temperatures and provides a methodological reference to study their nonlinear relationship.

Development of Trade and Financial-Economical Relationships between China and Russia: A Study Based on the Trade Gravity Model

This article empirically assessed new opportunities and provides a conceptual justification for promising areas of trade and financial and economic relations between China and Russia amidst ongoing global turbulence, the post-COVID situation, and sanctions pressure. The study utilized the trade gravity model, taking into account the latest trends in the development of the research subject and object, as well as current challenges and trends in the global economy. The study revealed similarities between the political systems, reforms, and policies of China and Russia, with centralized power structures overlapping and supporting each other at international forums such as the UNSC. The findings suggest that both countries plan to increase trade volume in the next two years, with China focusing more on trade and economic development, while Russia works to promote security and political stability. This study provides valuable insights into the economic relationship between Russia and China, its impact on the US and Europe, and highlights the need for effective policy interventions to address the challenges posed by this relationship. It offers significant theoretical and practical contributions, including the potential to unlock the potential of national economies, increase their competitiveness and help states enter a phase of advanced and sustainable development. This article provides several policy recommendations to ensure the long-term sustainability of the economic relationship between Russia and China and foster mutual understanding and trust between their peoples. These include promoting trade diversification, enhancing financial cooperation, addressing trade barriers, strengthening political and security coordination, mitigating negative impacts on other countries, promoting sustainable development, and fostering people-to-people exchanges. © 2023 by the authors.

Micromodel and Analysis of COVID-19 Based on Hypergraph

In view of the fact that the existing propagation models ignore the influence of different fields and different virus variants on individual infection, and the classical propagation models only describe the macroscopic situation of virus transmission, which cannot be specific to individual cases, this paper proposes 67ya microscopic virus propagation model based on hypergraph (HC-SIRS). Firstly, the concept of hypergraph is used to divide different fields of individuals into corresponding hyperedges. Based on different contact probabilities of each hyperedge, the contact probability matrix is formed to relate the contact between individuals. The individual infection probability of micro-virus propagation model based on hypergraph is deduced, and the corresponding differential equation is established. Secondly, the basic regeneration number and its characteristics of the model are derived. The upper bound of the basic regeneration number of the model is less than or equal to that of the classical SIRS model, indicating that the virus is more difficult to spread in this model. In fact, the different fields people live in and the different personal constitutions have a certain impact on the spread of the virus. The model is more comprehensive, so it is more suitable for simulating the spread of the virus in theory. Finally, the COVID-19 data of Diamond Princess and two cities in China are used for simulation experiments, and the mean absolute error(MAE) is used as the evaluation standard. The results showed that HC-SIRS could well simulate the spread of COVID-19. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Qualitative study on psychological experience of close contacts with covid-19 during the centralized isolation medical observation period

To analyze the psychological experience of close contacts with COVID-19 during the centralized isolation medical observation (centralized isolation for short) period, 17 close contacts of COVID-19 who received medical isolation observation at designated locations in a city of China were selected by purposive sampling using qualitative study methods, and the interviewees were interviewed by full-coverage structured telephone. By analyzing the obtained data and summarizing the themes, it was found that the psychological status of the COVID-19 close contacts during the centralized isolation period could be classified into three themes: Obvious negative emotions, somatization of psychological problems, and demand for social support. During the epidemic, when close contacts were quarantined as high-risk groups, they often had complex and difficult psychological experiences. Relevant departments should actively carry out online guidance channels and offline knowledge dissemination, actively conduct psychological interventions for close contacts, assist them to develop life plans to enrich the life of the centralized isolation period. At the same time, relevant departments should do a good job in logistics and life support services, create a comfortable isolated living environment, and effectively relieve the negative emotions of close contacts of COVID-19 during centralized isolation through a variety of positive and effective measures to ensure physical and mental health. © 2023, Editorial department of Chinese Medical Ethics. All rights reserved.

Global impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on surface concentration and health risk of atmospheric benzene

To curb the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries around the world imposed an unprecedented lockdown, producing reductions in pollutant emissions. Unfortunately, the lockdown-driven global ambient benzene changes still remain unknown. An ensemble machine-learning model coupled with chemical transport models (CTMs) was applied to estimate global high-resolution ambient benzene levels. Afterwards, the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm was employed to decouple the contributions of meteorology and emission reduction to ambient benzene. The change ratio (Pdew) of the deweathered benzene concentration from the pre-lockdown to lockdown period was in the order of India (-23.6 %) > Europe (-21.9 %) > the United States (-16.2 %) > China (-15.6 %). The detrended change (P∼-) of the deweathered benzene level (change ratio in 2020 - change ratio in 2019) followed the order of India (P∗=-16.2 %) > Europe (P∗=-13.9 %) > China (P∗=-13.3 %) > the United States (P∗=-6.00 %). Emission reductions derived from industrial activities and transportation were major drivers for the benzene decrease during the lockdown period. The highest decreasing ratio of ambient benzene in India might be associated with local serious benzene pollution during the business-as-usual period and restricted transportation after lockdown. Substantial decreases in atmospheric benzene levels had significant health benefits. The global average lifetime carcinogenic risk (LCR) and hazard index (HI) decreased from 4.89×10-7 and 5.90×10-3 to 4.51×10-7 and 5.40×10-3, respectively. China and India showed higher health benefits due to benzene pollution mitigation compared with other countries, highlighting the importance of benzene emission reduction. Copyright: © 2023 Chaohao Ling et al.

Qualitative study on psychological experience of close contacts with covid-19 during the centralized isolation medical observation period

To analyze the psychological experience of close contacts with COVID-19 during the centralized isolation medical observation (centralized isolation for short) period, 17 close contacts of COVID-19 who received medical isolation observation at designated locations in a city of China were selected by purposive sampling using qualitative study methods, and the interviewees were interviewed by full-coverage structured telephone. By analyzing the obtained data and summarizing the themes, it was found that the psychological status of the COVID-19 close contacts during the centralized isolation period could be classified into three themes: Obvious negative emotions, somatization of psychological problems, and demand for social support. During the epidemic, when close contacts were quarantined as high-risk groups, they often had complex and difficult psychological experiences. Relevant departments should actively carry out online guidance channels and offline knowledge dissemination, actively conduct psychological interventions for close contacts, assist them to develop life plans to enrich the life of the centralized isolation period. At the same time, relevant departments should do a good job in logistics and life support services, create a comfortable isolated living environment, and effectively relieve the negative emotions of close contacts of COVID-19 during centralized isolation through a variety of positive and effective measures to ensure physical and mental health. © 2023, Editorial department of Chinese Medical Ethics. All rights reserved.

Health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from landfill working surface via dispersion simulation enhanced by probability analysis

The assessment of the health risks of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from landfills via dispersion model is crucial but also challenging because of remarkable variations in their emissions and meteorological conditions. This study used a probabilistic approach for the assessment of the health risks of typical VOCs by combining artificial neural network models for emission rates and a numerical dispersion model enhanced by probability analysis. A total of 8753 rounds of simulation were performed with distributions of waste compositions and the valid hourly meteorological conditions for 1 year. The concentration distributions and ranges of the typical health-risky VOCs after dispersion were analyzed with 95% probability. The individual and cumulative non-carcinogenic risks of the typical VOCs were acceptable with all values less than 1 in the whole study domain. For individual carcinogenic risks, only ethylbenzene, benzene, chloroform, and 1, 2-dichloroethane at extreme concentrations showed minor or moderate risks with a probability of 0.1%-1% and an impact distance of 650-3000 m at specific directions. The cumulative carcinogenic risks were also acceptable at 95% probability in the whole study domain, but exceeded 1 x 10-6 or even 1 x 10-4 at some extreme conditions, especially within the landfill area. The vertical patterns of the health risks with height initially increased, and then decreased rapidly, and the peak values were observed around the height of the emission source. The dispersion simulation and health risk assessment of the typical health-risky VOCs enhanced by Monte Carlo can accurately reflect their probabilistic dispersion patterns and health risks to surrounding residents from both spatial and temporal dimensions. With this approach, this study can provide important scientific basis and technical support for the health risk assessment and management of landfills.Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

Estimations and Tests for Generalized Mediation Models with High-Dimensional Potential Mediators

Motivated by an empirical analysis of stock reaction to COVID-19 pandemic, we propose a generalized mediation model with high-dimensional potential mediators to study the mediation effects of financial metrics that bridge company's sector and stock value. We propose an estimation procedure for the direct effect via a partial penalized maximum likelihood method and establish its theoretical properties. We develop a Wald test for the indirect effect and show that the proposed test has a (Formula presented.) limiting null distribution. We also develop a partial penalized likelihood ratio test for the direct effect and show that the proposed test asymptotically follows a (Formula presented.) -distribution under null hypothesis. A more efficient estimator of indirect effect under complete mediation model is also developed. Simulation studies are conducted to examine the finite sample performance of the proposed procedures and compare with some existing methods. We further illustrate the proposed methodology with an empirical analysis of stock reaction to COVID-19 pandemic via exploring the underlying mechanism of the relationship between companies' sectors and their stock values. © 2023 American Statistical Association.

Guidance on strengthening the management processes of children's fever in outpatient department during the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic period (First Edition).

Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP) is a class B infectious disease, which is prevented and controlled according to class A infectious diseases. Recently, children's NCP cases have gradually increased, and children's fever outpatient department has become the first strategic pass to stop the epidemic.Strengthening the management of the fever diagnosis process is very important for early detection of suspected children, early isolation, early treatment and prevention of cross-infection. This article proposes prevention and control strategies for fever diagnosis, optimizes processes, prevents cross-infection, health protection and disinfection of medical staff, based on the relevant diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control programs of the National Health and Health Commission and on the diagnosis and treatment experience of experts in various provinces and cities. The present guidance summarizes current strategies on pre-diagnosis;triage, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019-nCoV infection in common fever, suspected and confirmed children, which provide practical suggestions on strengthening the management processes of children's fever in outpatient department during the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic period.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.

The COVID-19 pandemic and supply chain: international cooperation patterns and influence mechanism

Purpose: The aim of this study is to undertake a systematic analysis of the supply chain literature to uncover the changes and patterns of international cooperation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: In this study, the information on supply chain-related publications in the Web of Science (WOS) database is analyzed using statistical techniques and visual approaches. The focus is on the five countries with the highest number of supply chain publications, accounting for approximately 70% of global publications. This in-depth analysis aims to provide a clearer understanding of the cooperation patterns and their impact on the supply chain during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings: The results of the study reveal that the growth rate of international cooperation in supply chain research during the COVID-19 pandemic is higher compared to the 5-year and 10-year periods before the pandemic. This suggests that the pandemic has not hindered international cooperation in the field, but instead has increased collaboration. In terms of international cooperation patterns, the findings indicate that China and the USA have a strong partnership, with China being the largest partner for the USA and vice versa. The UK's largest partner is China, India's largest partner is the UK and Italy's largest partner is also the UK. This implies that trade, rather than the pandemic, is a determining factor in supply chain research. Research limitations/implications: This study examines the patterns of international cooperation in supply chain research during the COVID-19 pandemic, providing insights into the changes and mechanisms of international cooperation in this field. Moreover, the results of this study may offer practical benefits for supply chain operators and managers. By providing a deeper understanding of the international cooperation patterns in the field, this research could contribute to the recovery and growth of the global supply chain. Social implications: This study's analysis of the impact of crisis events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, on international cooperation in supply chain research contributes to the theoretical development of the field. Additionally, by examining how academia responds to emergencies, it provides valuable insights for operations and supply chain managers in their pursuit of more effective supply chain management. Originality/value: This study provides a preliminary examination of the international cooperation patterns of supply chain research in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, representing a novel and early contribution to the existing literature, helping to expand upon current understanding in the field and provide a more comprehensive perspective. Furthermore, this study offers a practical analysis strategy for future supply chain research, fostering progress and growth in the field. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Spillover effect of economic policy uncertainty on the stock market in the post-epidemic era

In the post-epidemic era, global economic policies have been uncertain and the stock market has been volatile. It is crucial to investigate the spillover effect of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on the stock market for accurately hedging risks and seizing recovery opportunities. This paper applies the DY spillover index and network analysis to study the spillover effect between the U.S. EPU and the U.S. and Asian stock markets. The empirical results show a significant spillover effect in both the U.S. and Asian stock markets, with EPU as the recipient of risk spillover and stock indices as the transmitters. The stock markets in Japan and South Korea react more strongly to shifts in the U.S. EPU. All transmitters attain their maximum values in both the TO and FROM directions in 2020. The from-direction spillover indices of the U.S. stock market are less volatile in 2020 than those of the Asian stock market, indicating that the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic has a greater impact on the Asian stock market than the U.S. stock market. These conclusions have substantial implications for asset management, investment diversification and aversion to unsystematic risk in major economic shocks. © 2022 Elsevier Inc.

Surveying pediatric caregivers' readiness for dyad isolation in the hospital during COVID-19

The onset of any emerging outbreak is stressful for everyone. Singapore was one of many countries affected early by COVID-19. In response, many precautionary measures were quickly initiated, including the isolation of suspected COVID-19 pediatric cases, and their caregivers were isolated together with their hospitalized children as a result. Caregivers play an important role in facilitating their child's health in the hospital. Rooming in with their children during hospitalization promotes the benefits of parental presence and reduces separation effects. However, sudden admission with strict movement restrictions poses stress to these caregivers too. This study ran a 3-part paper-based survey to understand the stresses and concerns which caregivers faced when suddenly entering dyad isolation. The survey polled caregivers' general perception of the situation, and also used questions adapted from the SARS Fear Scale and the Hospital Anxiety & Depression Scale (HADS). Caregivers in the COVID-19 isolation units did not expect their child to be isolated and were not prepared for dyad isolation with their children. They were found to be more dejected and were concerned that they themselves might have possibly infected their family and friends. Caregivers of children suspected of COVID-19 should be pre-empted to prepare for the possibility of isolation. This may include bringing in toys and personal entertainment to reduce boredom, as well as other essential needs. Patient mental wellness programs may consider extending their services to these caregivers too. © The Author(s), 2021.

A Two-Layer Network Propagation Model of Awareness Diffusion and SEIR Epidemic

In order to understand the transmission characteristics of epidemics similar to COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) with obvious expose period, a two-layer network transmission model considering time-varying factors is proposed to make corresponding predictions and measures. The UAU (unaware-aware-unaware) information transmission model is used to represent the diffusion process of conscious information about epidemic. In the underlying network, the susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered (SEIR) epidemic-like transmission model with latent state is used to describe the epidemic transmission process affected by conscious information. The MMCA (microscopic Markov chain approach) is used to deduce the transmission threshold of epidemics diseases. By analyzing the key factors such as forgetting factors and infection attenuation factors, the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed the two-layer network transmission model considering time-varying factors proposed. © 2022 Acta Simulata Systematica Sinica. All rights reserved.

RE-AIM EVALUATION OF A VIRTUAL "AGING WITH PAIN” INTEGRATIVE HEALTH EDUCATION PROGRAM DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Literature suggests integrative pain management strategies reduce chronic pain and opioid use. However, many older adults are unaware of these options. The Aging and Integrative Pain Assessment and Management Initiative (AI-PAMI) launched in 2020, providing webinars and recorded presentations on integrative pain management for adults > age 50, caregivers and healthcare providers. The RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework was used to evaluate AI-PAMI via the following measures: participant demographics, survey results, program elements and qualitative findings. Reach: There have been > 20,000 views of recorded content and 48% (885/1,859) of registrants attended a live webinar. Effectiveness: Survey results demonstrate 75% of providers and 73% of older adults/caregivers reported new knowledge gain;and 80% of providers and 60% of older adults/caregivers reported changing their pain management practice/routine. Adoption: Presentations were delivered by 33 multidisciplinary experts from 12 different institutions. Six regional stakeholders promoted AI-PAMI using their dissemination networks. Implementation: The COVID-19 pandemic changed program delivery from an in-person model to virtual. To date, AI-PAMI has delivered 17 live webinars and 25 recorded presentations. Live webinars are delivered with a didactic, Q&A discussion and follow-up email. To refine AI-PAMI, 11 healthcare providers and 16 older adults participated in focus groups or in-depth interviews. Maintenance: AI-PAMI is in its third year and will be maintained under a long-standing institution-wide program. Website content will be sustained and remain free access. AI-PAMI is a valuable educational resource for older adults, caregivers, and healthcare providers. Virtual delivery is accommodating for a post-COVID environment.

Trifluoroacetic Anhydride as Acylating Agent and Dehydrant in One-pot Synthesis of Nirmatrelvir

Nirmatrelvir is an effective ingredient in the anti COVID-19 drug Paxlovid. There were two key steps in the original synthetic route, which involved trifluoroacetylation and dehydration. A facile and efficient synthesis of nirmatrelvir is described in this work. Intermediate 7 was converted to nirmatrelvir in one-pot synthesis with trifluoroacetic anhydride. In addition, the condensation and deprotection conditions were optimized. The yield of nirmatrelvir produced from 1raised from 51.6% to 72.5%. © 2023,Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine.All Rights Reserved.

Extreme events and carbon emissions: What we could learn from decomposition of national- and sector-carbon emission

The lockdown policies related with the COVID-19 pandemic brings carbon emissions slump, but emissions potentially restore to increase as lockdown policies relaxed and the economy recovers. In this context, this study aims to explore the changes in carbon emissions and their underlying factors in the post-COVID-19 era from a national and sectoral perspective by drawing on the experience of carbon emissions before and after the 2008 global crisis. The latest extreme event and carbon emission trends might provide some implications for curbing potential emission rebound after the pandemic. The results indicate that, (i) developing countries like China and India still struggle with carbon reduction, which need more efforts made to control continuously increased carbon emission;(ii) energy intensity and economic level are respectively major contributor and inhibitor to national and industrial emission reduction whether in developing or developed countries, while in developed countries, energy intensity has a slightly stronger impact on carbon emissions than economic level. Carbon intensity had both positive and negative impact on carbon emission, and population scale usually drove carbon emission increase, particularly in developing countries like India;(iii) Industrial carbon emissions vary widely across economies, but most industrial carbon emissions continue to decrease in developed countries while increase in developing countries. Therefore, we contend that energy intensity is the key point to prevent a potential rebound of emission in post-COVID-19 era. © 2022

The effects of the recommended prescription for COVID-2019-lung-spleen qi deficiency on in vitro SARS-CoV-2 replication and pro-inflammatory factors expression

Aim To determine the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of the recommended prescription for COVID-2019-lung-spleen qi deficiency(4-1)against in vitro infection of SARS-CoV-2 and common coronaviruses.Methods The main chemical substances of 4-1 were analyzed by LC-MS.The toxicity and antiviral effects of of 4-1 were detected by MTT and by CPE assay, respectively.The viral loads in cell supernatant and the expression of inflammatory factors induced by viral infection were determined by qRT-PCR.Results The recommended prescription 4-1 contained 94 chemical compounds, including flavonoids, steroids, sesquiterpenoids, and so on.The range of selection indexes for SARS-CoV-2 and common coronaviruses was 8.44+/-0.49~52.26+/-2.3.This prescription could inhibit the proliferation of SARS-CoV-2, the expression of ACE2 and S mRNA, and down regulate IL-1alpha and CCL-5/RANTES at 10, 5, and 2.5 g*L-1 doses.Further, at doses of 20, 10 and 5 g*L-1, it could inhibit the proliferation of three common coronaviruses and suppress the overexpression of IL-6, CXCL-8/IL-8, CXCL-10/IP-10, TNF-alpha, IFN-alpha, CCL-2/MCP-1, MIG and CCL-5/RANTES induced by OC43/229E infection.The inhibitory effects were dose-dependent.Conclusions The prescription 4-1 has antiviral and anti-inflammation effects against multiple coronaviruses.This study provides the research basis for the treatment of common respiratory viral infections and emerging infectious diseases such as COVID-19 by using traditional Chinese medicine. Copyright © 2022 Publication Centre of Anhui Medical University. All rights reserved.